Abdelrahim Babiker Mohamed Osman¹, Azhari Omar Ismael Aladani¹, Afaaf Mustafa Nourelhuda Karameldeen¹, Adil MA Salman²* and Ammar AH Ahmed³

¹Lecturer, University of Zalingei, Faculty of Health Science, Sudan
²Professor, One Health Center, University of Bahri, Sudan
³Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries Wealth & Water Resources, Oman

*Corresponding Author: Adill MA Salman, Professor of Epidemiology, University of Bhri, One Health Centre, Sudan.

Received: December 01, 2025; Published: December 16, 2025

Abstract

Background: Pesticide contamination in agricultural soils poses significant environmental and health risks. This study investigated the presence and distribution of commonly used pesticides—including organochlorines, organophosphates, and herbicides—in selected areas of the Blue Nile State, Sudan.

Methods: Soil samples were collected from ten sites across five localities within seasonal agricultural schemes, targeting zones of both intensive and extensive pesticide use. The analysis focused on residues of specific insecticides (e.g., Dimethoate, Chlorpyrifos, Profenofos, DDT, Dialdrin) and herbicides (e.g., Imazalil, Butachlor).

Results: Pesticide residues were unevenly distributed across sites. Eltadamon locality showed the highest residue levels, followed by Damazine and Baw. Notably, Profenofos was detected at a significantly high concentration (24.1 mg/kg) in Sample 3, suggesting recent or excessive use. Trace levels of banned substances such as DDT and Dialdrin were detected in Samples 5 and 6, indicating historical contamination. Sample 8 exhibited multiple pesticide residues, possibly due to combined applications. Five samples (2, 4, 7, 9, 10) had no detectable residues. Group-wise classification showed that organophosphates accounted for 73% of all detected residues, while organochlorines made up 27%. Among individual pesticides, DDT and Chlorpyrifos were each present in 18% of the contaminated samples.

Conclusion: The findings highlight localized pesticide contamination in agricultural soils of Blue Nile State, with potential environmental and public health implications. The presence of banned substances and excessive organophosphate levels warrants regulatory oversight, further monitoring, and awareness programs for safer pesticide use.

Keywords:Pesticide; Food; Sudan

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Citation

Citation: Adill MA Salman.,et al. “Evaluation Pesticide Residues in Soil on Seasonal agricultural schemes in Blue Nile State - Sudan".Acta Scientific Nutritional Health 10.1 (2026): 16-23.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2026 Adill MA Salman., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.