Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences (ISSN: 2582-3183)

Review Article Volume 7 Issue 10

The Epitranscriptomic Edge: Revolutionizing Equine Laminitis through RNA Modifications

Lawan Adamu*

Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: Anjali Kumari, Research Scholar, Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Ranchi Jharkhand, India.

Received: Jume 17, 2025; Published: September 10, 2025

Abstract

Equine laminitis, an agonizing hoof disease with unknown origins, has long tormented horses' hooves. A recent work in epitranscriptomics, which investigates RNA alterations that affect gene expression after transcription, sheds fresh light on the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease. This in-depth study looks into the relationship between RNA changes, metabolic problems, and inflammatory pathways in laminitis. Examining key epitranscriptomic regulators such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A), pseudouridine, and inosine indicates their potential role in disease genesis and treatment strategies. The incorporation of contemporary sequencing technology and individualized epitranscriptomic therapy has the potential to improve the accuracy of laminitis diagnosis and treatment, ushering in a new era in horse health care.

Keywords: RNA Epigenetics; Laminar Inflammation; N6-Methyladenosine; Pseudouridine; Inosine

References

  1. Bamford NJ. “Clinical insights: Treatment of laminitis”. Equine Veterinary Journal 2 (2019): 145-146.
  2. Croser EL and Pollitt CC. “Acute laminitis: descriptive evaluation of serial hoof biopsies” (2019).
  3. Daradka M and Pollitt CC. “Epidermal cell proliferation in the equine hoof wall”. Equine Veterinary Journal 3 (2004): 236-241.
  4. Gomez DE., et al. “Survival rates and factors associated with survival and laminitis of horses with acute diarrhoea admitted to referral institutions”. Equine Veterinary Journal5 (2024): 970-981.
  5. Moss CD. “Gene Expression Analysis Before and After the Pelvic Flexure in the Equine Hindgut (master’s thesis, Colorado State University) (2019).
  6. Pawlak EA. “Molecular Characterization of the Pathophysiology of the Digital Laminae in Acute Carbohydrate-Induced Equine Laminitis”. University of Massachusetts Amherst (2013).
  7. Pollitt CC and Visser MB. “Carbohydrate alimentary overload laminitis”. Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice1 (2010): 65-78.
  8. Parsons CS., et al. “Risk factors for development of acute laminitis in horses during hospitalization: 73 cases (1997-2004)”. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association6 (2007): 885-889.
  9. de Laat MA., et al. “Phenotypic, hormonal, and clinical characteristics of equine endocrinopathic laminitis”. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine3 (2019): 1456-1463.
  10. Choudhary RK., et al. “Animal Wellness: The Power of Multiomics and Integrative Strategies: Multiomics in Improving Animal Health”. Veterinary Medicine International1 (2024): 4125118.
  11. Xiong X., et al. “Epitranscriptomics: toward a better understanding of RNA modifications”. Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics3 (2017): 147-153.
  12. Kumar S and Mohapatra T. “Deciphering epitranscriptome: modification of mRNA bases provides a new perspective for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression”. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 9 (2021): 628415.
  13. Deng L., et al. “Analyzing RNA posttranscriptional modifications to decipher the epitranscriptomic code”. Mass Spectrometry Reviews1 (2023): 5-38.
  14. Xu H., et al. “The Role of N6‐Methyladenosine in Inflammatory Diseases”. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity1 (2022): 9744771.
  15. Lai Y., et al. “N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-forming enzyme METTL3 controls UAF1 stability to promote inflammation in a model of colitis by stimulating NLRP3”. Scientific Reports1 (2025): 5876.
  16. Wang W., et al. “When animal viruses meet N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications: for better or worse?” Veterinary Research1 (2024): 171.
  17. Marcato PS and Perillo A. “Equine laminitis, new insights into the pathogenesis: A review”. Large Animal Review6 (2020): 353-363.
  18. Luo N., et al. “Functions and therapeutic applications of pseudouridylation”. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 20 (2025): 1-5.
  19. Akinniyi OO., et al. “Occurrence of equine metabolic syndrome, clinical manifestations, and associated risk factors in Nigeria”. Journal of Equine Science 2 (2023): 29-35.
  20. Bhakta S and Tsukahara T. “C-to-U RNA editing: a site directed RNA editing tool for restoration of genetic code”. Genes9 (2022): 1636.
  21. Sanoudou D., et al. “Epitranscriptomic challenges and promises in metabolic diseases”. Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental (2022): 132.
  22. Jin A., et al. “Modulating the m6A modified transcription factor GATA6 impacts epithelial cytokines in acute lung injury”. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology5 (2023): 521-532.
  23. Kan RL., et al. “Crosstalk between epitranscriptomic and epigenetic mechanisms in gene regulation”. Trends in Genetics2 (2022): 182-193.
  24. Li W., et al. “Emerging roles of RNA binding proteins in intervertebral disc degeneration and osteoarthritis”. Orthopaedic Surgery12 (2022): 3015-3025.
  25. Han Z., et al. “ALKBH5 regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration by demethylating the mRNA of YTHDF1”. Theranostics 6 (2021): 3000.
  26. Xin M., et al. “Hippo pathway effector Yap promotes cardiac regeneration”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences34 (2013): 13839-13844.
  27. Yu SM and Yu MM. “Molecular mechanisms of wound healing: the role of zinc as an essential microelement”. Research Results in Pharmacology1 (2023): 25-40.
  28. Sreesada P., et al. “Matrix metalloproteinases: Master regulators of tissue morphogenesis”. Gene 10 (2024): 148990.
  29. Kyaw‐Tanner M and Pollitt CC. “Equine laminitis: increased transcription of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) occurs during the developmental phase”. Equine Veterinary Journal3 (200): 221-225.v
  30. Wilson AG. “Epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the inflammatory response and relevance to common diseases”. Journal of Periodontology 79 (2008): 1514-1519.
  31. Zhang S., et al. “Targeting epigenetic regulators for inflammation: Mechanisms and intervention therapy”. MedComm4 (2022): e173.
  32. Ren T., et al. “Research Progress on the Role of M6A in Regulating Economic Traits in Livestock”. International Journal of Molecular Sciences15 (2024): 8365.
  33. Chehelgerdi M., et al. “Comprehensive review of CRISPR-based gene editing: mechanisms, challenges, and applications in cancer therapy”. Molecular Cancer1 (2024): 9.
  34. de Laat MA and Sillence MN. “A review of recent developments in the pharmacological prevention and treatment of endocrinopathic laminitis”. Animal Production Science18 (2020): 2111-2121.

Citation

Citation: Lawan Adamu. “The Epitranscriptomic Edge: Revolutionizing Equine Laminitis through RNA Modifications".Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 7.10 (2025): 03-10.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Lawan Adamu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




Metrics

Acceptance rate35%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days
Impact Factor1.008

Indexed In





News and Events


  • Reviewer Certificate
    Certificate will be issues to the valued reviewer who worked on the Articles Peer Review process.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be provided with the Publication Certificate after their successful publication
  • Last Date for submission
    Authors are requested to submit their manuscripts before September 30, 2025

Contact US