Acta Scientific Pharmaceutical Sciences

Research Article Volume 9 Issue 9

Overview of Schiff Bases of Isatin Derivatives

Priyanka1*, Priyanshu1, Monika Raghav1, Neha Sahay2 and Abhinay Gupta1

1Department of Pharmacy, Kalka Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, Meerut, U.P, India
2Department Of Pharmacy, Integrated Academy Of Management And Technology, Ghaziabad, Uttarpradesh, India

*Corresponding Author: Priyanka, Department of Pharmacy, Kalka Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, Meerut, U.P, India.

Received: August 06, 2025; Published: August 14, 2025

Abstract

Schiff bases (SBs) are a class of chemical compounds where the stereochemistry of a nitrogen atom with a double bond is maintained. Schiff bases are incredibly versatile and find their way into a variety of fields, from pharmaceuticals and agriculture to analytical chemistry and industrial processes. They're celebrated for their impressive biological activities, which include antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antioxidant effects. Beyond their medicinal benefits, Schiff bases also play a crucial role as ligands in coordination chemistry, where they interact with metal ions to create complexes that are useful in catalysis, therapy, and material science.

References

  1. Meenachi S., et al. “A Review of Chemistry and Biological Importance of Schiff Base”. IJSRR1 (2014): 08-18.
  2. Sainath Narayan Bhavsar. “Futuristic Trends in Chemical, Material Sciences and Nano Technology”. Introduction of schiff bases”. IIP Series 3.4, Part 1, Chapter 3.
  3. JFM da Silva., et al. “The Chemistry of Isatins: a review from 1975 to 1999”. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 3 (2001): 273-324.
  4. WC Sumpter. “The chemistry of isatin”. Chemical Review 34 (1944): 393-434.
  5. I Pataki., et al. “The effects of isatin (indole-2, 3-dione) on pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-induced hyperthermia in rats”. BMC Neuroscience2 (2002).
  6. FD Popp., et al. “Potential anticonvulsants. III. The condensation of isatin with cyclic ketones”. Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry 17 (1980): 1329-1330.
  7. J Bergman., et al. “The structure and properties of some indolic constituents in Couroupita guianensis Aubl”. Tetrahedron 14 (1985): 2879-2881.
  8. SN Pandey., et al. “Biological activity of Mannich bases”. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3 (2003): 213-222.
  9. M D'Ischia., et al. “Adrenalin oxidation revisited. New products beyond the adrenochrome stage”. Tetrahedron20 (1988): 6441-6446.
  10. RW Daisley and VK Shah. “Synthesis and antibacterial activity of some 5-nitro-3-phenyliminoindole-2 (3H) ones and their N-Mannich bases”. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3 (1984): 407-408.
  11. E Piscopo., et al. “Studies on heterocyclic compounds. Indole-2, 3-dione derivatives: VII. Variously substituted hydrazones with antimicrobial activity”. Bollettino - Societa Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale9 (1987): 827-832.
  12. MC Liu., et al. “Synthesis and antitumor activity of amino derivatives of pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone”. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry20 (1992): 3672–3677.
  13. PN Surendra., et al. “Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of N-Mannich bases of 3-[N’-sulfadoximino]isatin and its methyl derivative”. Bollettino chimico farmaceutico 8 (1998): 321-324.
  14. E. Sarciron., et al. “Synthesis of propargylic alcohols and biological effects on Echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes”. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 82.6 (1993): 605–609.
  15. EA El-Sawi., et al. “Studies on the molluscicidal action of some isatin derivatives against Biomphalaria alexandrina in Egypt”. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology2 (1998): 481–486.
  16. L Tripathi., et al. “Design & synthesis of N’-[substituted]pyridine-4-carbohydrazides as potential anticonvulsant agents”. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry2 (2011): 509-518.
  17. Schiff H. “Mittheilungen aus dem Universitats-laboratorium in Pisa (A report from the University Laboratory in Pisa)”. Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie 131 (1864): 118-119.
  18. Tamer El Malah., et al. “Synthesis of Isatin-Schiff Base and 1,2,3-Triazole Hybrids as Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Agents: DFT, Molecular Docking, and ADMET Studies”. Taylor and Francis (2025): xx.
  19. Halit Muğlu. “Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, DFT studies and antioxidant activity of new 5-substituted isatin/thiosemicarbazones”. Journal of Molecular Structure 1322 (2024): 024.
  20. Sukhmeet Kaur., et al. “Investigating the antibacterial potential of novel N-Boc isatin Schiff bases: Combining synthesis with in-vitro and in-silico studies”. Journal of Molecular Structure 1314 (2024).
  21. Sunidhi Patil., et al. “Molecular hybridization, synthesis, in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition, in vivo antidiabetic activity and computational studies of isatin based compounds”. Bioorganic Chemistry 153 (2024): 107783.
  22. Saima Daud., et al. “Isatin-based ibuprofen and mefenamic acid Schiff base derivatives as dualinhibitors against urease and α–glucosidase: In vitro, in silico and cytotoxicity studies”. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society 28 (2024): 101905.
  23. Neelufar, Syed Hidayathulla., et al. “Synthesis, Spectral Characterization of Novel Isatin Schiff Base Metal Complexes: Biological Activities Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies”. Biointerface research in applied chemistry2 (2024): 36.
  24. Temel Kan Bakır., et al. “Synthesis, structure elucidation, antioxidant properties, and theoretical calculations of new Schiff bases–isatin derivatives”. Research on Chemical Intermediates 50 (2024): 3937–3962.
  25. Ashraf S Hassan., et al. “Exploring novel derivatives of isatin-based Schiff bases as multi-target agents: design, synthesis, in vitro biological evaluation, and in silico ADMET analysis with molecular modeling simulations”. Royal Society of Chemistry 13 (2023): 9281-9303.
  26. Eman A Fayed., et al. “Isatin-Schiff’s base and chalcone hybrids as chemically apoptotic inducers and EGFR inhibitors; design, synthesis, anti-proliferative activities and in silico evaluation”. Journal of Molecular Structure 1234 (2021): 130159.
  27. Nain Sumitra., et al. “SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF NEW ISATIN DERIVATIVES”. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal2 (2023): 196-202.
  28. Azadeh Mesripour., et al. “Design, synthesis, docking, and antidepressant activity evaluation of isatin derivatives bearing Schiff bases”. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 4 (2023).
  29. Bhagwat Vhanale., et al. “Synthesis, spectral studies, antioxidant and antibacterial evaluation of aromatic nitro and halogenated tetradentate Schiff bases”. Heliyon (2022): 2405-8440.
  30. Richa Mishra., et al. “Molecular modelling, QSAR analysis and antimicrobial properties of Schiff base derivatives of isatin”. Journal of Molecular Structure 1243 (2021) 130763.
  31. Tayseer Hamid Shakir., et al. “Synthesis and Preliminary Antimicrobial Evaluation of Schiff Bases of N -Benzyl Isatin Derivatives”. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 12 (2020): 1950-1955
  32. Fatih Sonmez., et al. “Synthesis, antioxidant activity and SAR study of novel spiro-isatin-based Schiff base”. Molecular Diversity 23 (2019): 829-844.
  33. E Riazimontazera., et al. “Design, synthesis and biological activity of novel tacrine-isatin Schiff base hybrid derivatives”. Bioorganic Chemistry 89 (2019): 103006.
  34. AM Omer., et al. “Preparation of Isatin/chitosan Schiff base as Novel Antibacterial Biomaterials”. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 62 (2019): 123-131.
  35. Ovas Ahmad Dar., et al. “Synthesis and synergistic studies of isatin based mixed ligand complexes as potential antifungal therapeutic agents”. Heliyon7 (2019): e02055.
  36. Suzan A Matar., et al. “Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of Schiff bases derived from benzaldehydes and 3,3’ -diaminodipropylamine”. Arabian Journal of Chemistry6 (2015): 850-857.
  37. Rajaram Prakash Chinnasamy., et al. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology and Research3 (2010): 343-345.

Citation

Citation: Priyanka., et al. “Overview of Schiff Bases of Isatin Derivatives". Acta Scientific Pharmaceutical Sciences 9.9 (2025): 02-12.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Priyanka., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




Metrics

Acceptance rate32%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days

Indexed In




News and Events


  • Reviewer Certificate
    Certificate will be issues to the valued reviewer who worked on the Articles Peer Review process.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be provided with the Publication Certificate after their successful publication
  • Last Date for submission
    Authors are requested to submit their manuscripts before September 30, 2025

Contact US