Acta Scientific Pharmaceutical Sciences (ASPS)(ISSN: 2581-5423)

Review Article Volume 7 Issue 10

Microplastic in the Aquatic Environment and their Impact on Aquatic Organisms and Humans: A Review

OP Bansal*

Chemistry Department, D.S. College, Aligarh, India

*Corresponding Author: OP Bansal, Chemistry Department, D.S. College, Aligarh, India.

Received: August 14, 2023; Published: September 18, 2022

Abstract

Plastic which was first manufactured in the early 20th century became indispensable for human life in the second half of the 20th century as it makes daily life more manageable (buckets to the car of plastic were manufactured), but due to indiscriminate use in cleaning, packaging, cosmetics, pharmaceutical industry, automobile industry, construction etc. and mismanaged disposal has produces the number of unsolvable problems. Microplastics are plastic fragments of <5 mm size produced from plastic, textile fibres due to environmental factors. Microplastics detected in marine water, surface water, fresh water, wastewater, food, air, and drinking water (tap as well as bottled water) are the globally most hazardous environmental contaminants of the 21st century. Microplastic toxicity is not only due to particle size and chemicals but also due to pathogens present in the biofilm. On ingestion, these particles are accumulated in the intestinal wall, lymph nodes and other body organs in aquatic animals. Gastrointestinal ingestion (via seafood, water); pulmonary inhalation (via air) and dermal infiltration (via water) are the main pathways the human exposure. Developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity are reported in humans due to the accumulation of microplastic in the body. The toxicity depends on the particle size and composition of the polymer. The present study reports the different sources of microplastic and their distribution in aquatic environments (sea, fresh water, surface water, and wastewater) and their effect on aquatic ecosystems and their impact on human health.

Keywords: Microplastic; Ocean Water; Surface Water; Drinking Water; Aquatic Ecosystem; Human Health

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Citation

Citation: OP Bansal. “Microplastic in the Aquatic Environment and their Impact on Aquatic Organisms and Humans: A Review". Acta Scientific Pharmaceutical Sciences 7.10 (2023): 34-55.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 OP Bansal. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




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    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"

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