V Amalan Stanley¹*, Thangavel Kumar² and Shaleesha A Stanley³

¹Scientific and Academic Board, International Institute of Biotechnology and Toxicology, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, India
²Director, Palamur Biosciences Pvt Ltd, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
³Professor and Head, Jeppiaar Engineering College, Sholinganallur, Chennai, India

*Corresponding Author: V Amalan Stanley, Scientific and Academic Board, International Institute of Biotechnology and Toxicology, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, India.

Received: October 17, 2022; Published: October 31, 2022

Abstract

Organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) are one of the major agrochemicals extensively used for crop protection and insect control worldwide. As the compounds are most toxic leading to increased poisoning especially among the spray persons severe restrictions and control measures of using them has been practised. There are a few antidotes developed exclusively for the poisoning of OPCs. With this status quo, an experimental pilot study was conducted to develop an herbal antidote for the OPC poisoning using the dry leaf powder extract of Sesbania grandiflora L. The leaves of the plant has already been proven to have many medicinal properties in terms of Indian System of Medicines, particularly its anticonvulsant, antiepileptic and anxiolytic activities in rodent models. Based on these scientific information a short term fourteen day pilot study was conducted where pesticide (Chlorphyriphos EC) exposed rodents were simultaneously treated with the leaf extract. At the end of the study, the analysis of brain samples of the treated and control groups for acetylcholine revealed a biologically significant sign of recovery among the treated animals in comparison with the control group. The levels of acetylcholine (AChE) in the herbal treated group of pesticide exposed animals remained comparable with the control group of animals, confirming the prospective antidotal potential of the leaf extract of S. grandiflora for the treatment of chronic OPC poisoning. This is hoped to serve particularly the agricultural people living in the remote rural areas where immediate health care and support systems are inaccessible in time.

Keywords: Organophosphorus Compounds (OPCs); S. grandiflora; Leaf

References

1. Rao S., et al. “Pesticide poisoning in south India: opportunities for prevention and improved medical management”. Tropical Medicine and International Health6 (2005): 581-588.
2. Guidelines for Poison Control - International Programme on Chemical Safety (1997). Published by WHO, UNEP and ILO.P.112 (1997).
3. Namba T. “Cholinesterase inhibition of organophosphorous compounds and its clinical effects”. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. WHO, 44 (1971): 289-307.
4. Katz FS., et al. “Discovery of New Classes of Compounds that Reactivate Acetylcholinesterase Inhibited by Organophosphates”. Chembiochem 15 (2015): 2205-2215.
5. Colovic MB., et al. “Acetylecholinesterase inhibitors: pharmacology and toxicology”. Current Neuropharmacology 11 (2013): 315-335.
6. Rastogi PM and Mehrotra BN. “Compend”. Indian Med. Plants. PID, New Delhi, 3 (1990): 483.
7. Mohiuddin AK. “Medicinal and Therapeutic values of Sesbania grandiflora”. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacology 2019 (2019): 81-86.
8. Wagh VD., et al. “Phytochemical, pharmacological and phytopharmaceutics aspects of Sesbania grandiflora (Hadga): A review”. Journal of Pharmacy Research5 (2009): 889-892.
9. Kasture VS., et al. “Anxiolytic and anticonvulsive activity of Sesbania grandiflora leaves in experimental animals”. Phytotherapy Research5 (2002): 455-460.
10. Ellman GL., et al. “A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity”. Biochemical Pharmacology 7 (1961): 88.

Citation

Citation: V Amalan Stanley., et al. “Organophosphorous Poisoning - A Plausible Herbal Antidote from the Dry Leaf Powder of Sesbania grandiflora L". Acta Scientific Pharmaceutical Sciences 6.11 (2022): 28-30.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 V Amalan Stanley., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.