utfat A Usman¹*, Emmanuel O Ajani¹, Afolabi C Akinmoladun², Hammed A Madandola³, Rasheed B Ibrahim¹, Emmanuel A Irondi¹, Abdulhakeem O Sulyman¹, Raliat A Aladodo¹, Mutiu A Alabi¹, Asiat Na’Allah¹ and Hassan T Abdulameed¹

¹Department of Biochemistry, Kwara State University, Malete, PMB 1530, Ilorin 241104, Nigeria
²Department of Biochemistry, The Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure 340110, Nigeria
³Department of Plant Biology, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin 234031, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: Lutfat A Usman, Department of Biochemistry, Kwara State University, Malete, PMB 1530, Ilorin 241104, Nigeria.

Received: January 19, 2026; Published: July 06, 2026

Abstract

Background: In today's demanding world, poor nutrition, caffeine reliance, and inadequate rest contribute to chronic fatigue and health issues. This study examines the interplay between sleep, an amino acid-deficient diet, and caffeine, focusing on their impacts on metabolism, growth, oxidative stress, and cognitive health. It highlights the critical role of quality sleep in supporting cognitive function.

Methods: The study used adult male Wistar rats divided into 10 groups (A–J) based on cage conditions and diet. Groups A–E were housed in normal cages and fed diets with varying levels of tryptophan and other essential amino acids, while Groups F–J were subjected to sleep deprivation via the disk-over-water method and given diets with varying tryptophan levels and caffeine. Over two weeks, blood samples were collected on days 1, 4, 7, and 13 for biochemical analysis. On day 14, the rats were sacrificed for blood collection, biochemical assays, and brain histology.

Results: The 2-week study found that caffeine and sleep deprivation reduced melatonin, serotonin, testosterone, and growth hormone levels, highlighting potential biomarkers and effects on growth and sex characteristics. Increased TNF-α, interleukin-1β, oxidative stress, and histopathological abnormalities suggest heightened health risks and cellular damage from combined caffeine use and sleep deprivation.

Conclusion: This study highlights the links between sleep, diet, hormonal, and inflammatory responses, emphasizing caffeine's potential neurotoxic risks when combined with sleep deprivation. It calls for further research into dietary strategies to mitigate these effects and improve health.

Keywords: Sleep Deprivation; Caffeine; Balanced Diet; Cognitive Dysfunction

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Citation

Citation: Lutfat A Usman.et al. “Influence of Sleep Loss and Diet on Growth Parameters, and Biological Stress Markers". Acta Scientific Neurology 9.7 (2026): 21-32.

Copyright

Copyright: ©2026 Lutfat A Usman.et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.