K Paul Stoller*

Fellow American College of Hyperbaric Medicine, Fellow American College of Pediatricians (Emeritus), USA

*Corresponding Author: K Paul Stoller, Fellow American College of Hyperbaric Medicine, Fellow American College of Pediatricians (Emeritus), USA.

Received: March 02, 2026; Published: March 31, 2026

Abstract

The identification of Treponema pallidum as the cause of general paresis in 1913 fundamentally reshaped the understanding of infectious contributions to dementia. This precedent invites reconsideration of infectious hypotheses in contemporary neurodegenerative disorders. In 2011, Miklossy proposed that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may represent a chronic neurospirochetosis, potentially involving Borrelia species. Accumulating evidence implicates microbial agents in amyloid deposition, neuroinflammation, and biofilm formation. Despite biological plausibility and more than partial fulfillment of causative criteria, infectious models remain peripheral to mainstream Alzheimer’s research, which has largely centered on amyloid and tau pathways. This perspective examines the historical basis for infectious dementia, evaluates current evidence supporting spirochetal involvement in AD, explores structural and economic factors that may influence research prioritization, and argues for expanded, methodologically rigorous investigation into antimicrobial and anti-biofilm strategies as potential therapeutic avenues

Keywords: Alzheimer’s Disease; Neurospirochetosis; Borrelia; Neuroinflammation; Infectious Hypothesis; Biofilms; Paradigm Shift; Neurosyphilis

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Citation

Citation: K Paul Stoller. “Reconsidering Alzheimer’s Disease Through the Lens of Neurospirochetosis: Historical Precedent, Biological Plausibility, and Structural Barriers to Paradigm Shift". Acta Scientific Neurology 9.4 (2026): 03-07.

Copyright

Copyright: ©2026 K Paul Stoller. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.