Kalpana AP¹* and Kannabiran B²

¹Professor, KMCH College of Physiotherapy affiliated to the Tamil Nadu, Dr.MGR Medical University, India
²Professor, RVS College of Physiotherapy affiliated to the Tamil Nadu, Dr.MGR Medical University, India

*Corresponding Author: Kalpana AP, Professor, KMCH College of Physiotherapy affiliated to the Tamil Nadu, Dr.MGR Medical University, India.

Received: February 06, 2024; Published: March 20, 2024

Abstract

Background: The Internet has been an integral part of the college students. Nowadays kids are starting to use smartphones. The duration of use of smartphones significantly impacts the physical and mental well-being of an individual. Biomechanical and physiological factors affect the pattern of breathing in smartphone users.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to find the presence of dysfunctional breathing among smartphone-using college students.

Methodology: The study design was observational study design. 100 college students who have been using smartphones for not less than a year were recruited randomly and were given the Nijmegen questionnaire and self-evaluation of the breathing questionnaire.

Result: 44% of male students and 55% of female students with an average age of 23 years participated in the study. The average years of smartphone use by respondents were 7 years and 2 months and 4 hours 40 minutes per day. 30% of them had mild neck pain. NQ: The average score of the Nijmegen questionnaire was 11 out of 64 and 10% had symptoms often and very often. SEBQ: The average score of the Self-evaluation of breathing questionnaire was 0.99 and 6% had symptoms occasionally 4% had symptoms frequently.

Conclusion: Dysfunctional breathing is not significantly present among smartphone-using college students though few respondents reported symptoms of dysfunctional breathing.

 Keywords: COVID-19; Internet; Breathing

References

1. Shapira N A., et al. “Psychiatric features of individuals with problematic internet use”. Journal of Affective Disorders1-3 (2000): 267-272.
2. Basavaraj Motimath., et al. “INFLUENCE OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION ON GRIP AND PINCH STRENGTH IN COLLEGIATE POPULATION - AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY”. International Journal of Advanced Research 5 (2017): 1836-1841.
3. Shaffer H J. “Understanding the means and objects of addiction: Technology, the internet, and gambling”. Journal of Gambling Studies4 (1996): 461-469.
4. Kaya Fadime., et al. “Smart phone usage, sleep quality and depression in university students”. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry5 (2021): 407-414.
5. Alonazi Asma., et al. “Effects of smartphone addiction on children's lung function”. Pediatrics International: Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society3 (2021): 323-330.
6. Alonazi Asma., et al. “Effects of smartphone addiction on children's lung function”. Pediatrics International: Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society3 (2021): 323-330.
7. Fiebert Ira., et al. “Text neck: An adverse postural phenomenon”. Work (Reading, Mass.)4 (2021): 1261-1270.
8. Lin I-Mei and Erik Peper. “Psychophysiological patterns during cell phone text messaging: a preliminary study”. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback1 (2009): 53-57.
9. Bradley H and Esformes J. “Breathing pattern disorders and functional movement”. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy 1 (2014): 28-39.
10. Chenivesse Cécile., et al. “Severely impaired health-related quality of life in chronic hyperventilation patients: exploratory data”. Respiratory Medicine3 (2014): 517-523.
11. Watson Matthew., et al. “Minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production in patients with dysfunctional breathing”. European Respiratory Review : An Official Journal of the European Respiratory Society160 (2021): 200182.
12. Barker Nicki and Mark L Everard. “Getting to grips with 'dysfunctional breathing'“. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews1 (2015): 53-61.
13. Wilhelm F H., et al. “Respiratory dysregulation in anxiety, functional cardiac, and pain disorders. Assessment, phenomenology, and treatment”. Behavior Modification4 (2001): 513-545.
14. Mitchell A J., et al. “Reliability and Determinants of Self-Evaluation of Breathing Questionnaire (SEBQ) Score: A Symptoms-Based Measure of Dysfunctional Breathing”. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback1 (2016): 111-120.
15. van Dixhoorn J and H J Duivenvoorden. “Efficacy of Nijmegen Questionnaire in recognition of the hyperventilation syndrome”. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 29,2 (1985): 199-206.
16. Koseki Taiichi., et al. “Effect of forward head posture on thoracic shape and respiratory function”. Journal of Physical Therapy Science1 (2019): 63-68.
17. Karsay Kathrin., et al. “Longitudinal Effects of Excessive Smartphone Use on Stress and Loneliness: The Moderating Role of Self-Disclosure”. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking11 (2019): 706-713.
18. Chaitow Leon., et al. “Recognizing and Treating Breathing Disorders : A Multidisciplinary Approach”. Second edition. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone (2014).
19. Chu B., et al. “Physiology, Stress Reaction”. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing (2024).

Citation

Citation: Kalpana AP and Kannabiran B. “Dysfunctional Breathing Among Smartphone-Using College Students”. Acta Scientific Neurology 7.4 (2024): 39-42.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2024 Kalpana AP and Kannabiran B. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.