Abstract

The development of the use of organoids, as well as adult stem cells, is the expression that the origin of the relationship between science ethics is complementarity.

The ethical challenge of organoids lies in the fact that their cells in their development differ and form structures related to those seen in embryonic tissues.

One of the challenges that bioethics faces in the area of organoids is the fact that today we are able to use cells in ways that we might not have imagined until a few years ago.

The consequences of using this technique in the animal model is the need to change the degree of ethical commitment in using the animal model. The enhancement of animal faculties.

In conclusion, scientific progress and the use of brain organoids, raises ethical challenges not seen in other forms of stem cell research.

On this article we claim that It is urgent to establish an ethical framework for brain organoids that can address relevant ethical concerns without unduly impeding this important area of research.

Keywords: Brain Organoids; Framework; Health Research

References

1. PhD in Philosophy and Letters. Master in European Studies. Degree in Philosophy and Theology. Researcher at the Bioethics Institute of the Catholic University of Portugal. PhD coordinator in Bioethics. Author of numerous articles and 7 books in the area of Bioethics and Neuroethics. Member of the Ethics Committee of Hospital Escola Fernando Pessoa; member of Academia Fides et Racio - Brazil. Integrated researcher at the Research Center in Management and Economics (CEGE - CPBS- UCP).
2. Ericsson AC., et al. “A brief history of animal modeling”. Missouri Medicine 110.3 (2013): 201-205.
3. The protection of the animal model in research is conditioned by Decree-Law No. 113/3013, which establishes the rules for the use of the animal model.
4. Levin, G., et al. “Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering” 14 (2019): 26-32.
5. Koplin JJ and Savulescu J. “Moral Limits of Brain Organoid Research”. The Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 47.4 (2019): 760-767.
6. Lancaster M., et al. “Cerebral organoids model human brain development and microcephaly”. Nature 501 (2013): 373-379.
7. Henry TG., et al. “The Ethics of Experimenting with Human Brain Tissue”. Nature 429 (2018).
8. Carvalho AS. “Good ethics and good science: the path of stem cell research”. Public (2014).
9. Yuen E., et al. “By implanting the organoids of the human brain in the rat brain, they grow faster and survive longer” (2018). 
10. Hostiuc S., et al. “The moral status of cerebral organoids”. Regenerative Therapy 10 (2019): 118-122.
11. Khara M Ramos., et al. “The NIH BRAIN Initiative: Integrating Neuroethics and Neuroscience”. Neuron 101 (2019): 394.
12. Lavazza A and Massimini M. “Cerebral organoids and consciousness: how far are we willing to go?” Journal of Medical Ethics 44.9 (2018).
13. Attiah M and Farah M. “Minds, motherboards, and money: futurism and realism in the neuroethics of BCI Technologies”. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience 8 (2014): 1-3.
14. Sample M and Racine E. “Ethical aspects of brain computer interfaces: a scoping review”. BMC Medical Ethics 18 (2017): 60.
15. Hostiuc, S., et al. (2019). oc., 118.
16. Hyun I. The embryo's moral status is one of the most important ethical concepts in reproductive and regenerative medicine. Amy Wilkerson, Josephine Johnston, “Revisit the 14-Day Rule”. Nature 533 (2016): 169-171.
17. Hurlbut JB., et al. “Revisiting the Warnock rule”. Nature Biotechnology 35 (2017): 1029.
18. Warnock M. Report of the committee of inquiry into human fertilization and embryology: London (1984).
19. Hyun I. “Engineering ethics and self-organizing models of human development: opportunities and challenges”. Cell Stem Cell 21 (2017): 718-720.
20. Appleby JB and Bredenoord AL. “Should the 14-day rule for embryo research become the 28-day rule?” EMBO Molecular Medicine (2018).
21. Bredenoord AL., et al. “Human tissues in a dish: the research and ethical implications of organoid technology”. Science 355 (2017): 1-7.

Citation

Citation: Antonio Bartolomeu Jácomo Ferreira. “Brain Organoids and the New Context of Bioethical Redefinition".Acta Scientific Neurology 3.10 (2020): 13-17.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Antonio Bartolomeu Jácomo Ferreira. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.