Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Integrative Review with Insights from Unani Medicine

Aisha Perveen and Fouzia Bashir*

Department of Tahaffuzi wa Samaji Tib, SUMER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India

*Corresponding Author: Fouzia Bashir, Department of Tahaffuzi wa Samaji Tib, SUMER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.

Received: December 04, 2025; Published: January 20, 2026

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviours. Its global prevalence has risen significantly, reflecting enhanced diagnostic capability and environmental and genetic influences. Conventional biomedical sciences view ASD as a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors.

Unani medicine, with its holistic framework emphasizing mizāj (temperament), akhlāṭ (humours), arwāḥ (vital forces), quwā (faculties), and aʿḍāʾ (organs), offers a unique perspective for understanding developmental disorders. This review integrates contemporary biomedical insights with Unani concepts, highlighting potential etiological parallels, symptom interpretations, and therapeutic possibilities such as ilāj bi’l-ghidhā, ilāj bi’l-tadbīr, and ilāj bi’l-dawā.

 Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Unani Medicine; Mizāj; Akhlāṭ; Regimenal Therapy; Ilāj bi’l-Tadbīr

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Citation

Citation: Aisha Perveen and Fouzia Bashir. “Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Integrative Review with Insights from Unani Medicine”.Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 10.2 (2026): 40-47.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2026 Aisha Perveen and Fouzia Bashir. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.