Rama Shankar Singh*

GEN-MED R&D, LLC, Orlando, FL 32817, USA

*Corresponding Author: Rama Shankar Singh, GEN-MED R&D, LLC, Orlando, FL 32817, USA.

Received: March 12, 2025; Published: May 22, 2025

Abstract

The QED (Quadruplet expanded DNA) eukaryote genetic code model comprises all four DNA (T, A, C, and G) bases, the base position being independent and symmetric. In this model, the adjacent bases that naturally pair are designated noncoding. Based on these assumptions, the QED code consists of twenty nondegenerate independent protein-encoding and thirty-five nondegenerate noncoding codons, demonstrating a strong correlation with cis-regulatory elements. Despite variations in genetic pathways and information flow, the QED coding system applies to protein synthesis across eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses. This broad applicability underscores fundamental principles of genetic information processing and protein biosynthesis. The search for gene-disease causality revealed the absence of a dedicated eukaryote genetic code for protein synthesis—a discovery that led to the development of the QED code. Since functional proteins are essential for cellular homeostasis, while dysfunctional proteins contribute to disease, addressing these dysfunctions is crucial for therapeutic advancements. The role of the QED code in understanding and correcting genetic dysfunctions at both the DNA and protein levels presents a transformative approach to disease treatment. This pioneering framework is expected to drive a paradigm shift in research and development, opening new avenues for treating monogenic rare diseases, multigenic cancers, and neurodegenerative disorders.

 Keywords: Eukaryote; Quadruplet; Expanded; Genetic Coding; Nondegenerate; Prokaryote; Viruses; Central; Principle; Biology

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Citation

Citation: Rama Shankar Singh. “QED Eukaryote Genetic Code and Principle of Information Flow and Biological Protein Synthesis”.Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 9.6 (2025): 100-114.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Rama Shankar Singh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.