Anyanwu Matthew^1,2* and Romaric Nyuyfoni Nsaidzeka²

¹Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital (EFSTH), Banjul, The Gambia
²School of Medical and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, The Gambia

*Corresponding Author: Anyanwu Matthew, Senior Lecturer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of the Gambia School of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Banjul, The Gambia.

Received: December 27, 2021; Published: February 24, 2022

Abstract

Background/Objective: A lot of people are affected by anaemia worldwide, with the most vulnerable group being children and pregnant women. The highest prevalence of anaemia is found in the developing nations. The objective was to determine the prevalence of stillbirth, preterm delivery, low birth weight, low Apgar score in anaemic pregnant women compare with non-anaemic pregnant women at Edward Francis Small Teaching hospital from July to September 2019.

Methodology: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted and the sample size was calculated with G-power 3.1. Recruitment occurred irrespective of gestation age. At the time of delivery, obstetric and neonatal characteristics were entered into computer database. The data was analysed with SPSS version 25. Inference was from a descriptive statistics at significant level of 0.05.

Result: A total of 210 mothers, 105 anaemic and 105 non-anaemic controls were in the study. The age range was between 19 to 35 years. The prevalence of mild and severe anaemia was 71.4% and 2.9% respectively. The measured adverse outcome includes; Low Birth Weight; 30.2% Vs 27.6%; P- 0.650. Preterm delivery; 32.4% Vs 23.8% p- value 0.169; stillbirth 10.5% Vs 7.6% p-value 0.473, low Apgar score at 5 minutes 29.5% vs 25.7% p-0.539 and NICU admission of 16.2% vs 13.3% p- 0.329; Postpartum haemorrhage 19.0% Vs 15.2% p- 0.466; Cardiac failure 0% Vs 1.5% p- 0.157 showed no statistical differences.
In secondary analysis of the data it became evident that poor pregnancy outcomes were highest in severe anaemia. That common significant risk factor and complication of anaemia was illiteracy and postpartum haemorrhage respectively.

Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the feto-maternal outcomes for the anaemic and non-anaemic women. Severe anaemia was associated with some significant adverse outcome among those with anaemia.

Keywords:Pregnancy; Anaemia; Fetal; Maternal; Outcome

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Citation

Citation: Anyanwu Matthew and Romaric Nyuyfoni Nsaidzeka. “Feto-maternal Outcome of Anemia in Pregnancy at the Gambian Tertiary Hospital". Acta Scientific Women's Health 4.3 (2022): 12-19.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Anyanwu Matthew and Romaric Nyuyfoni Nsaidzeka. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.