Coronavirus -2019-Covid 19 pandemic as declared by the world health organization in April 2020 and has caused widespread damage across nations which is reminiscent of the Spanish flu. United States leads the tally with more than 8 million patients affected by the disease and closely followed by India which is touching at about 5 million cases [1].

References

1. Center for disease control Coronavirus resource center (2020).
2. Wu Z and McGoogan JM. “Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention”. JAMA (2020).
3. Guan WJ., et al.
4. Cui J., et al. “Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses”. Nature Reviews Microbiology3 (2019): 181-192.
5. Gordon DE., et al. “SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing”. Nature 583 (2020): 459-468.
6. Guzzi PH., et al. “Master regulator analysis of theSARS-CoV-2/human interactome”. Journal of Clinical Medicine 4 (2020): E982.
7. Hoffmann M., et al. “SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor”. Cell 2 (2020): 271-280.e8.
8. Srinivasan S., et al. “Structural genomics of SARS-CoV-2 indicates evolutionary conserved functional regions of viral proteins”. Viruses 4 (2020): E360.
9. Leung TW., et al. “Myopathic changes associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a postmortem case series”. Archives of Neurology7 (2005): 1113-1117.
10. Tsai LK., et al. “Neurological manifestations in severe acute respiratory syndrome”. Acta Neurologica Taiwanica 3 (2005): 113-119.
11. Griffith JF. “Musculoskeletal complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome”. Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology 5 (2011): 554-560.
12. Orford NR., et al. “Osteoporosis and the critically ill patient”. Critical Care Clinic2 (2019): 301-313.
13. Cheng H., et al. “Organ-protective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and its effect on the prognosis of COVID-19”. Journal of Medical Virology7 (2020): 726-730.
14. Nasiri MJ., et al. “COVID-19 clinical characteristics, and sex-specific risk of mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis”. medRxiv (2020).
15. Xu P., et al. “Clinical characteristics of two human to human transmitted coronaviruses: corona virus disease 2019 versus Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus”. medRxiv (2020).
16. Heydari K., et al. “Clinical and paraclinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis”. medRxiv (2020).
17. Qi D., et al. “Epidemiological and clinical features of 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease cases in Chongqing municipality, China: a retrospective, descriptive, multiple-center study”. medRxiv (2020).

Citation

Citation: Ashish Anand., et al. “Covid 19 and Orthopedic Manifestations - A Quick Primer".Acta Scientific Orthopaedics 4.3 (2021): 01-03.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Ashish Anand., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.