Yves Le Grand Napa Tchuedji^1,2*, Hortense Gonsu Kamga^3,4, Emilia Lyonga Mbamyah^2,3, Anicette Chafa Betbeui^3,4, Ibrahim Assana Raoul⁵, Giselle Fonyuy Bongnyang⁶, Etienne Guenou² and Francois-Xavier Etoa¹

¹Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon

*Corresponding Author: Yves Le Grand Napa Tchuedji, Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Received: October 20, 2021; Published: November 29, 2021

Abstract

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a priority problem around the world. The occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 in a context where the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is increasing, could promote the cohabitation of these microorganisms and an increase in the risk of clinical damage and mortality in infected patients.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine resistance strategies of clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that circulate in Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from May 2019 to November 2020. A randomized sampling was conducted. The study of resistance phenotypes was carried out by the disc diffusion method and the double disc synergy method in Mueller-Hinton agar. The study of biofilm formation was performed using the tissue culture plate in Mueller-Hinton broth and Congo red agar.

Results: A total of 30 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected from 300 patients. Pus presented the highest proportion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by urine and blood with frequencies of 60%, 16,66% and 13.33% respectively. We detected 76,66% of multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa with high resistance frequencies to the majority of betalactams and the aminoglycoside, attributed to ertapenem (100%), cefotaxime (100%), tircalillin (86.66%) and tobramycin (60%). These strains presented 10% and 3.33% of carbapenemases and Extended-spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs) respectively. According to their ability to produce biofilm, 16,66% and 83, 33% were non-biofilm formers with Plate culture method and culture method on Congo red agar respectively.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that P. aeruginosa strains circulating in the Center region have several enzymatic mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics associated with a high production of biofilm. The study of biofilm formation shows a significant difference between the tissue culture technique and the Congo red agar culture technique.

Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Resistance Phenotypes; Carbapenemases; ESBLs; Resistance Genes

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Citation

Citation: Yves Le Grand Napa Tchuedji., et al. “Study of Resistance Mechanisms and Evaluation of Biofilm Detection Tests in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Circulating in Yaounde, Cameroon". Acta Scientific Microbiology 4.12 (2021): 104-110.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Yves Le Grand Napa Tchuedji., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.