Wani Mubashir¹, Mehraj Sharik¹, Wani Ahad², Shafi Aamir³* and Ifrah Riaz³

¹Junior Resident, Department of General Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Medical College Bemina Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
²Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Medical College Bemina Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
³Registrar, Department of General Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Medical College Bemina Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

*Corresponding Author: Shafi Aamir, Registrar, Department of General Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Medical College Bemina Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Received: June 01, 2022; Published:

Abstract

Hepatic encephalopathy is a reversible disorder seen in patients with advanced cirrhosis. It is manifested by wide spectrum of neurological and psychiatric abnormalities which occur due to accumulation of toxic substances specially ammonia in the brain. The common triggers include constipation GI bleeding infection, TIPS etc. it is seen in 30 to 45% of patients with cirrhosis. Presence of liver disease together with factoring out other causes of altered mental status is essential for diagnosis of HE. Management includes proper identification and treatment of underlying cause of underlying cause. Antibiotics like rifaximin, metronidazole are often given empirically to take care of infections. In addition osmotic laxatives, L-ornithine and L-aspartate (LOLA) are also used to decrease the levels of ammonia. Feacal microbiota transplant is gaining significant progress in the management of refractory hepatic encephalopathy.

Keywords: Hepatic Encephalopathy; Ammonia; Liver

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Citation

Citation: Shafi Aamir., et al. “Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Comprehensive Review". Acta Scientific Gastrointestinal Disorders 5.7 (2022): 00-00.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Shafi Aamir., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.