EG Mutalova*, LI Galikhanova and EG Jamlikhina

Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia

*Corresponding Author: EG Mutalova, Department of Therapy, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia.

Received: August 11, 2021; Published: August 23, 2021

Abstract

Background/Aims: Overweight and obesity play a significant role in the development of many noncommunicable diseases, leading to a reduction in life expectancy and adversely affecting its quality. A number of studies have proven a close relationship between high blood pressure and abdominal obesity. In adult patients, it has been proven that obesity leads to an increase in the mass of the left ventricular myocardium, impaired myocardial function, which are significant predictors of unfavorable outcomes of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate left ventricular (LV) structural changes in overweight and obese young women with arterial hypertension (AH).

Design and Methods: In the study, according to inclusion criteria, 108 young women of 18 - 45 years old were included. Three groups were identified: the women with obesity without AH, the women with obesity and 1^st degree of AH, the women with obesity and 2^nd degree of AH. All patients underwent anthropometry (height and weight) with calculation of body mass index (BMI), echocardiography was performed according to a standard procedure with calculation of LV structural indexes. The LV geometry phenotypes were determined.

Results: Echocardiography LV dimensions (posterior wall thickness, interventricular septal thickness, diastolic and systolic LV diameter), as well as LVM and LVMI were higher in obese women compared to control group. LV hyper-trophy (LVH) developed in 61,9% obese patients without AH and in 76,4% and 78,1% patients with obesity and AH. Normal LV geometry was found in 23,8% patients with obesity, concentric remodeling - in 14,3% cases, 35,7% patients had concentric LVH, and 26,2% - eccentric LVH. In obese patients with 1^st degree of AH the distribution of various types of LV remodeling was as follows: 17,6%/6%/52,9%/23,5%, respectively, and in obese patients with 2^nd degree of AH - 12,5%/9,4%/53,1%/25%, respectively.

Conclusion: Since young age overweight and obesity are risk factors for LVH and the development of various LV geometry phenotypes. Markers of myocardial remodeling is an affordable way of early cardiovascular risk stratification in overweight and obese young women.

Keywords: Overweight; Obesity; Left Ventricular Hypertrophy; Left Ventricular Geometry

References

1. Chernavskij SV., et al. “Metabolicheskij sindrom: ot polimetabolicheskih narushenij k nozologicheskim formam zabolevanij”. M.: ID “MEDPRAKTIKA-M". (2013).
2. Evropejskaya hartiya po bor'be s ozhireniem (2006).
3. Obesity and overweight. Mediacentre WHO: Fact sheet (2016).
4. Obesity and overweight. What are overweight and obesity? WHO Fact sheet N 311 (2006).
5. Williams D. “Pregnancy: a stress test for life”. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology6 (2003): 465-471.
6. Ginzburg MM., et al. “Ozhirenie. Vliyanie na razvitie metabolicheskogo sindroma. Profilaktika i lechenie”. M.: Medpraktika (2012).
7. Rekomendacii po lecheniyu arterial'noj gipertonii Evropejskogo obshchestva po gipertonii (ESH) i Evropejskogo obshchestva kardiologov (ESC) (2013).
8. Bulkina OS., et al. “Gipertrofiya miokarda levogo zheludochka kak modificiruemyj faktor riska: novye vozmozhnosti korrekcii”. Kardiologiya 3 (2006): 68-72.
9. Ivashkin VT., et al. “Klinicheskie varianty metabolicheskogo sindroma”. M.: OOO “Izdatel'stvo Medicinskoe informacionnoe agentstvo" (2012).
10. Gurgenyan SV., et al. “The influence of hemodynamic and hormonal factors on the development of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with arterial hypertension”. Kardiologiya 7 (1996): 46-51.
11. Hutan Ashrafian., et al. “Heart remodelling and obesity: the complexities and variation of cardiac geometry”. Heart 97 (2011): 171-172.
12. Levy D., et al. “Prognostic implications of echocardiographically determined left ventricular mass in the Framingham Heart Study”. The New England Journal of Medicine 322 (1990): 1561-1566.
13. Sapozhnikova IE., et al. “Versions of myocardium of left ventricle in patients with arterial hypertension and impaired glucose metabolism”. Kardiologiya 8 (2013): 44-48.
14. Klein S., et al. “Clinical implications of obesity with specific focus on cardiovascular disease: a statement for professionals from the American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism: endorsed by the American College of Cardiology Foundation”. Circulation 18 (2004): 2952-2967.
15. Britton KA., et al. “Body fat distribution, incident cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality”. Journal of the American College of Cardiology10 (2013): 921-925.
16. Shlyahto EV., et al. “Koncepciya novyh nacional'nyh klinicheskih rekomendacij po ozhireniyu”. Rossijskij Kardiologicheskij Zhurnal132 (2016): 7-13.
17. Devereux RB., et al. “Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy: comparison to necropsy findings”. The American Journal of Cardiology 57 (1986): 450-458.
18. “Rekomendacii po kolichestvennoj ocenke struktury i funkcii kamer serdca”. Rossijskij Kardiologicheskij Zhurnal95 (2012): 28.
19. Li X., et al. “Childhood adiposity as a predictor of cardiac mass in adulthood. The Bogalusa Heart Study”. Circulation22 (2004): 3488-3492.
20. Alpert MA., et al. “Effects of obesity on cardiovascular hemodynamics, cardiac morphology, and ventricular function”. Current Obesity Reports4 (2016): 424-434.
21. Alp H., et al. “The effect of hypertension and obesity on left ventricular geometry and cardiac functions in children and adolescents”. Journal of Hypertension6 (2014): 1283-1292.
22. Dušan P., et al. “Left ventricular mass and diastolic function in obese children and adolescents”. Pediatric Nephrology4 (2015): 645-652.
23. Pieruzzi F., et al. “The role of blood pressure, body weight and fat distribution on left ventricular mass, diastolic function and cardiac geometry in children”. Journal of Hypertension6 (2015): 1182-1192.
24. Ushakova SA., et al. “Osobennosti diastolicheskoj funkcii pri remodelirovanii miokarda levogo zheludochka u podrostkov s arterial'noj gipertenziej i abdominal'nym ozhireniem”. Me-dicinskaya nauka i obrazovanie Urala3 (2010): 41-46.
25. Porcar-Almela M., et al. “Left ventricular diastolic function and cardiometabolic factors in obese normotensive children”. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases – Journals1 (2015): 108-115.
26. Veber VR., et al. “Influence of an abdominal obesity on structurally functional changes of heart and a possibility of their medicamental correction at patients with arterial hypertension”. A Rational Pharmacotherapy in a Cardiology 4 (2008): 28-31.

Citation

Citation: EG Mutalova., et al. “Peculiarities of Myocardial Remodeling in Young Obsessive Women with Arterial Hypertension”. Acta Scientific Gastrointestinal Disorders 4.9 (2021): 51-57.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 EG Mutalova., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.