Kiran John¹, K Chandrasekharan Nair²*, Vahini Reddy³ and Chiranjeevi Reddy⁴

¹Consultant Prosthodontist, Clove Dental, Bengaluru, India ²Professor Emeritus, Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Sankara Dental College, Akathumuri, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India ³Former Professor of Prosthodontics, AECS Maaruti College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India ⁴Professor of Prosthodontics, AECS Maaruti College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India

*Corresponding Author: K Chandrasekharan Nair, Professor Emeritus, Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Sankara Dental College, Akathumuri, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

Received: May 10, 2022; Published: May 30, 2022

Abstract

Objectives: To find out the antimicrobial and antifungal effects of tissue conditioners containing a photocatalyst (titanium dioxide).

Materials and Methods: TiO2 (20 wt%) was added to the tissue conditioner powder and added to the liquid in the desired concentration for the preparation of the tissue conditioner specimens. These specimens were divided into four groups.

Gr.1 – Tissue conditioner only (control), Gr.2 – Tissue conditioner + Photocatalyst + UV irradiation,
Gr.3 – Tissue conditioner + Photocatalyst, Gr.4 – Tissue conditioner + UV irradiation
Three strains of microorganisms were used to test the growth against the four groups of tissue conditioner specimens. The microorganisms used were: 1. Streptococcus mutans, 2. Staphylococcus aureus and 3. Candida albicans. After inoculation and incubation, the colony forming units were counted to evaluate the antimicrobial activity. Data was statistically analysed with the Kruskal Wallis test.

Results: Higher mean growth of Streptococcus Mutans was recorded in Group-3 followed by Group-1. Group-4 and Group-2 showed lowest growth. Higher mean growth of Staphylococcus Aureus was recorded in Group-1 followed by Group-3. Group-4 and Group-2 showed lower growth of the microorganisms. Higher mean growth of Candida Albicans was recorded in Group-1 followed by Group-3, Group-4 and Group-2 respectively. The difference in mean growth of Candida Albicans among the groups was found to be statistically significant.

Conclusions: Tissue conditioners do not possess antimicrobial potential. Tissue conditioners that incorporate Titanium dioxide and when subjected to UV radiation gains very potent antimicrobial capacity. Tissue conditioner which was subjected to ultra violet radiation also gains good antimicrobial activity. Titanium dioxide did not possess antimicrobial potential.

Keywords: Tissue Conditioner; Resilient Liner; Photocatalyst; Titanium Dioxide; UV Irradiation

References

1. Baena-Monroy T., et al. “Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans colonization in patients wearing dental prosthesis”. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal 1 (2005): E27-E39.
2. Kulak Y and Kazazoglu E. “In vivo and in vitro study of fungal presence and growth on three tissue conditioning materials on implant supported complete denture wearers”. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 25 (1988): 135-138.
3. Marsh PD., et al. “The influence of denture-wearing and age on the oral microflora”. Journal of Dental Research 71 (1992): 1374-1381.
4. Kulak-Ozkan Y., et al. “Oral hygiene habits, denture cleanliness, presence of yeasts and stomatitis in elderly people”. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 29 (2002): 300-304.
5. Maness PC., et al. “Bactericidal Activity of Photocatalytic TiO2 Reaction: toward an Understanding of Its Killing Mechanism”. Applied and Environmental Microbiology9 (1999): 4094-4098.
6. Sunada K., et al. “Bactericidal and detoxification effects of TiO2 thin film photocatalysts”. Environmental Science and Technology 32 (1988): 726-728.
7. Uchimaru M., et al. “Antimicrobial and antifungal effects of tissue conditioners containing a photocatalyst”. Dental Materials Journal 5 (2011): 691-699.
8. Tafti AF., et al. “A Comparison of the Efficacy of Nystatin and Fluconazole Incorporated into Tissue Conditioner on the In Vitro Attachment and Colonization of Candida Albicans”. Dental Research Journal1 (2010): 18-22.
9. Yang JY., et al. “Photocatalytic Antifungal Activity Against Candida Albicans by TiO2 Coated acrylic resin denture base”. The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics 3 (2006): 284-294.
10. Akiba N., et al. “Antifiungal effects of a tissue conditioner coating agent with TiO2 photocatalyst”. Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences 52 (2005): 223-227.
11. Goerne TL., et al. “Study of bacterial sensitivity of Ag-Tio2 Nanoparticles”. Journal of Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology (2012): 1-7.
12. Gupta., et al. “Photocatalytic antibacterial performance of TiO2 and Ag-doped TiO2 against aureus. P. aeruginosa and E. coli”. Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 4 (2013): 345-351.

Citation

Citation: K Chandrasekharan Nair., et al. “A Study on the Effect of Photocatalyst Incorporated Tissue Conditioners in Controlling the Growth of Oral Microorganisms Viz. Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans". Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 6.6 (2022): 181-189.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 K Chandrasekharan Nair., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.