Abstract

Root rot of grapevine an epidemic disease causing by several soil borne fungi recorded high loss plant growth of productivity. Nine endophytic biocontrol fungal and bacterial isolates of Trichoderma spp, Bacillus spp and Pseudomonas fluorescens were tested against growth of aggressive fungal isolates causing root rot of grapevine i.e. Fusarium spp. and Botryodiplodia theobromae. Results showed that the best antagonistic endophytic isolates were Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis. Trichoderma harzianum isolate significantly reduced mycelial linear growth and conidial sporulation of fungi tested as well as over lapping growth of fungi tested. In addition, Bacillus subtilis recorded high zone inhibition toward all pathogenic fungi tested than another bacterial isolates in this study. Some promising essential oils, organic, antioxidants acids and their combinations were tested on growth of endophytic biocontrol agents of Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis. Results obtained indicated that sorbic acid followed by propionic acid were the least effect on mycelial linear growth and conidial sporulation of Trichoderma harzianum. In addition, sorbic acid, propionic acid (0.1%), black seed oil (4.0%) and their combination had no effect negatively on Bacillus subtilis growth. In greenhouse experiment soil drench by propionic + sorbic acids, propionic acid + sorbic acid + T. harzianum + B. subtilis were the best and significantly treatments its completely suppress (100%) root rot disease percentage and disease severity on shoots and roots of grapevine plants followed by T. harzianum as individual or combination with B. subtilis were increased morphological characters of grapevine plant i.e. length, fresh and dry weight of and root size. So, combined soil treatment by propionic acid + sorbic acid or propionic acid + sorbic acid + T. harzianum + B. subtilis as the safe fungicide alternatives for management root rot disease of grapevine.

Keywords: Bacillus subtilis; Grapevine; Root Rot; Disease; T. harzianum

References

1. ESH Ziedan., et al. “Biological control of grapevine root-rot by antagonistic microorganisms”. African Journal of Mycology and Biotechnology 13 (2005): 19-36.
2. E Ziedan and R El-Mohamedy. “Application of Pseudomonas fluorescens for controlling root-rot disease of grapevine”. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences 4 (2008): 346-353.
3. ESH Ziedan., et al. “Streptomyces alni as a biocontrol agent to root-rot of grapevine and increasing their efficiency by biofertilizers inocula”. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 43 (2010): 634-646.
4. K Hemida., et al. “Etiology of fungi associated with grapevine decline and their pathological potential”. Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences 25 (2017): 355-365.
5. A Hervas., et al. “Effects of commercial and indigenous microorganisms on Fusarium wilt development in chickpea”. Biological Control 13 (1998): 166-176.
6. E Ziedan. “Manipulating endophytic bacteria for biological control to soil borne diseases of peanut”. Journal of Applied Sciences Research 2 (2006): 497-502.
7. H Bae., et al. “Endophytic Trichoderma isolates from tropical environments delay disease onset and induce resistance against Phytophthora capsici in hot pepper using multiple mechanisms”. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 24 (2011): 336-351.
8. N Amin., et al. “Identification and In Vitro Screening of Fungal Endophytes Against Pathogen of Maize Leaf Blight, Helminthosporium maydis”. In: International Seminar and The 21^th National Congress of Indonesia Phytopathological Society (2011).
9. M Mannaa and KD Kim. “Biocontrol activity of volatile-producing Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas protegens against Aspergillus and Penicillium predominant in stored rice grains: study II”. Mycobiology 46 (2018): 52-63.
10. Y Yuan., et al. “Potential of endophytic fungi isolated from cotton roots for biological control against Verticillium wilt disease”. PLoS One 12 (2017): e0170557.
11. G Vinayarani., et al. “Induction of systemic resistance in turmeric by rhizospheric isolate Trichoderma asperellum against rhizome rot disease”. Journal of Plant Pathology (2019): 1-16.
12. H Mahmoudvand., et al. “Evaluation of antifungal activities of the essential oil and various extracts of Nigella sativa and its main component, thymoquinone against pathogenic dermatophyte strains”. Journal de Mycologie Medicale 24 (2014): e155-e161.
13. EM Morsy., et al. “Efficiency of Trichoderma viride and Bacillus subtilis as biocontrol agents against Fusarium solani on tomato plants”. Egyptian Journal of Phytopathology 37 (2009): 47-57.
14. ESH Ziedan., et al. “Application of mycorrhizae for controlling root diseases of sesame”. Journal of Plant Protection Research 51 (2011): 355-361.
15. H Alizadeh., et al. “Induced systemic resistance in cucumber and Arabidopsis thaliana by the combination of Trichoderma harzianum Tr6 and Pseudomonas Ps14”. Biological Control 65 (2013): 14-23.
16. T Elmahdy., et al. “ Effect of chitosan and clove oil on physical and chemical properties of red roomy grapes during cold storage a-effect of chitosan and clove oil on weight loss and decay percentages”. Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences 49 (2018): 110-117.
17. ESH Ziedanv. "Agar-agar a promising edible coating agent for management of postharvest diseases and improving banana fruit quality”. Journal of Plant Protection Research 58 (2018).
18. TA Barreto., et al. “A chitosan coating containing essential oil from Origanum vulgare to control postharvest mold infections and keep the quality of cherry tomato fruit”. Frontiers in Microbiology 7 (2016): 1724.
19. SA Alamri., et al. “Formulation of mint and thyme essential oils with Arabic gum and Tween to enhance their efficiency in the control of postharvest rots of peach fruit”. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology (2019): 1-14.
20. ESH Ziedan., et al. “First record of Fusarium vascular wilt on grapevine in Egypt”. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 44 (2011): 1719-1727.
21. M Ravindra. “Compatibility of fungicides with Trichoderma viride against Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium udum”. International Journal of Agriculture Sciences ISSN (2018): 0975-3710.
22. S Suciatmih and I Hidayat T. “Isolasi, identifikasi dan evaluasi antagonisme terhadap Fusarium oxysporum sp. cubense (foc): secara In vitro dari jamur endofit tanaman pisang” Berita Biologi 13 (2014): 71-83.
23. X Zhang., et al. “Screening and characterization of endophytic Bacillus for biocontrol of grapevine downy mildew”. Crop Protection 96 (2017): 173-179.
24. X Shao., et al. “Effect of postharvest application of chitosan combined with clove oil against citrus green mold”. Postharvest Biology and Technology 99 (2015): 37-43.
25. R Saikia., et al. “Role of salicylic acid in systemic resistance induced by Pseudomonas fluorescens against Fusarium oxysporum sp. ciceri in chickpea”. Microbiological Research 158 (2003): 203-213.
26. S Vanitha. “Developing new botanical formulation using plant oils and testing their physical stability and antifungal activity against Alternaria chlamydospore causing leaf blight in Solanum nigrum”. Agricultural Science Research Journal 1 (2010): 385-390.
27. N Kaewsalong., et al. “Synergistic effects of combinations of novel strains of Trichoderma species and Coscinium fenestratum extract in controlling rice dirty panicle”. Journal of Plant Pathology 101 (2019): 367-372.
28. A Muthukumar., et al. “Efficacy of endophytic Pseudomonas fluorescens (Trevisan): migula against chilli damping-off”. Journal of Biopesticides 3 (2010): 105.
29. IE Ziedan., et al. “Application of data encryption standard to bitmap and JPEG images”. In: Proceedings of the Twentieth National Radio Science Conference (NRSC'2003): (IEEE Cat. No. 03EX665): IEEE (2003): C16-C11.

Citation

Citation: El-Sayed Hussein Ziedan., et al. “Efficacy of Compatibility between Endophytic Biocontrol Agents and Abiotic Agents as Fungicides Alternative for Controlling Root Rot of Grapevine". Acta Scientific Agriculture 4.5 (2020): 10-17.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 El-Sayed Hussein Ziedan., This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.