Tajudeen Adebileje¹, Rahimeh Rasouli², Amir Amani² and Reza Faridi-Majidi²*

¹Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences-International Campus, Tehran, Iran
²Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

*Corresponding Author: Reza Faridi-Majidi, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Received:June 07, 2021; Published: July 26, 2021

Citation: Reza Faridi-Majidi., et al. “Moving Boundary Model to Estimate Diffusion Coefficient and Viscosity of Dextran Coated Magnetic Iron-Oxide Using Capillary Electrophoresis". Acta Scientific Microbiology 5.8 (2021): 148-154.

Abstract

Capillary electrophoresis serves as a suitable analytical method to characterize the properties of samples through the application of pressure and voltage within a capillary tube. We present a categorized interface boundary problem of liquids to estimate the diffusion coefficient (DC) and viscosity of dextran- coated magnetic iron oxide (Dextran-MIOS) confined in formic acid solution (FAS). We considered an interface, with a dimension greater than zero, between samples filled into the capillary tube followed by either FAS or water flow at constant pressure (10⁴ pa). We fitted the time point corresponding to interface minimum frequency, maximum frequency, Inflection frequency, and also the apparent volume of liquid between the frequencies into viscosity and moving boundary diffusion models. We used the factorial design of experiments for the design/evaluation of sample constituents by considering the concentration of FA (C_FA) and volume fraction of Dextran-MIOS (VF_Dextran-MIOS) on DC and viscosity. We observed a symmetry behavior of C_FA and VF_Dextran-MIOS in samples on the DC of Dextran-MIOS during FAS flow, while there is a loss in symmetry during water flow. We observed a symmetry behavior of only VF_Dextran-MIOS in samples on the viscosity of Dextran-MIOS during FAS flow, while there is a change in symmetry during water flow.

Keywords: Dextran Coated Magnetic Iron-oxide; Diffusion Coefficient; Viscosity; Formic Acid Solution; and Fractional Factorial Design

Bibliography

1. Onsager L and RJTJoPC Fuoss. “Irreversible processes in electrolytes. Diffusion, conductance and viscous flow in arbitrary mixtures of strong electrolytes”. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A11 (2002): 2689-2778.
2. Miller DG. “Gouy interferometry: properties of multicomponent system omega (Ω) graphs”. Journal of Solution Chemistry 11-12 (2007): 1469-1477.
3. Chamieh J and H Cottet. “Chapter 9 - Size-based characterisation of nanomaterials by Taylor dispersion analysis”. in Colloid and Interface Science in Pharmaceutical Research and Development, H. Ohshima and K. Makino, Editors. 2014, Elsevier: Amsterdam (2014): 173-192.
4. d’Orlyé F., et al. “Determination of nanoparticle diffusion coefficients by Taylor dispersion analysis using a capillary electrophoresis instrument”. Journal of Chromatography A2 (2008): 226-232.
5. Chvoj Z., et al. “Theoretical approaches to collective diffusion on stepped surfaces”. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 10 (2006): P10003.
6. Erdélyi Z and DL Beke. “Nanoscale volume diffusion”. Journal of Materials Science20 (2011): 6465-6483.
7. Beke DL., et al. “Nanoscale effects in diffusion”. Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials (2004).
8. Regner M., et al. “Influence of viscosity ratio on the mixing process in a static mixer: numerical study”. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research9 (2008): 3030-3036.
9. Davies JF and KRJCs Wilson. “Nanoscale interfacial gradients formed by the reactive uptake of OH radicals onto viscous aerosol surfaces”. Chemical Science12 (2015): 7020-7027.
10. Cao C and CG Gal. “Global solutions for the 2D NS–CH model for a two-phase flow of viscous, incompressible fluids with mixed partial viscosity and mobility”. Nonlinearity11 (2012): 3211.
11. Bello MS., et al. “Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation as a bench- top viscometer”. Journal of Chromatography A1 (1994): 199-204.
12. Allmendinger A., et al. “High-throughput viscosity measurement using capillary electrophoresis instrumentation and its application to protein formulation”. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 99 (2014): 51-58.
13. Best RB and GJPotNAoS Hummer. “Coordinate-dependent diffusion in protein folding”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America3 (2010): 1088-1093.
14. Singh B., et al. “Systematic Development of Drug Nanocargos Using Formulation by Design (FbD): An Updated Overview”. Critical Reviews™ in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems3 (2020).
15. Adebileje T., et al. “Effect of formulation parameters on the size of PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating bovine serum albumin: a response surface methodology”. Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences 12 (2017): 306-312.
16. Safari M., et al. “Preparation of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid-Loaded mPEG-PLGA Nanoparticles Using Microfluidic Flow-Focusing Device for Controlled Drug Delivery”. Nano8 (2020): 2050101.
17. Crank J. “General problem of the moving boundary”. in The mathematics of diffusion. 1979, Oxford university press: Oxford (1979): 298-301.
18. Secor RM. “The effect of concentration on diffusion coefficient in polymer solutions”. AIChE Journal3 (1965): 452-456.
19. Metzner A. “Diffusive transport rates in structured media”. Nature 5007 (1965): 267-268.
20. Osmers HR and AB Metzner. “Diffusion in dilute polymeric solutions”. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals2 (1972): 161-169.
21. Sun H and Y Wang. “Self-diffusion of nanoscale particles with hard and soft sphere models”. Colloid and Polymer Science (2020): 1-7.
22. Hallström S., et al. “Modeling of iron diffusion in the iron oxides magnetite and hematite with variable stoichiometry”. Acta Material1 (2011): 53-60.
23. Costa ÉDM., et al. “Accurate potential energy curve for helium dimer retrieved from viscosity coefficient data at very low temperatures”. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 487 (2017): 32-39.
24. Wildemuth C and M Williams. “Viscosity of suspensions modeled with a shear-dependent maximum packing fraction”. Rheologica Acta6 (1984): 627-635.
25. Giorgi F., et al. “The influence of inter-particle forces on diffusion at the nanoscale”. Scientific Reports1 (2019): 1-6.

Copyright: © 2021 Reza Faridi-Majidi., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.